How to wire the ESC

一、原理

When using the F405 WING flight controller, proper connection of the ESC is required to ensure normal motor operation. Different firmware versions (such as INAV and ArduPilot) assign different channels to the motor; therefore, wiring must be matched according to the specific firmware. Additionally, if the ESC has built-in BEC power, care must be taken during wiring to avoid a conflict with the flight controller's built-in BEC, as this may damage the ESC or flight controller.

二、设备准备

1) Flight Controller: Any of the SpeedyBee F405 WING APP / SpeedyBee F405 WING MINI / CoreWing F405 WING V2 flight controllers are applicable to this tutorial.
2) ESC: Any ESC is applicable to this tutorial.
3) Computer: Used to configure parameters via a computer ground station (GCS).

三、具体操作

1. Wiring the ESC to the Flight Controller

• INAV firmware: After selecting the aircraft type, Motor 1 is assigned to S1 by default. The ESC signal wire must be connected to the flight controller header's S1 pin, and the wire order must be correct.
  ※NOTE: The polarity of the ESC signal wire must not be reversed, otherwise the ESC or flight controller may be damaged.
  
• ArduPilot firmware: The default throttle channel is 3 (customizable). The ESC signal wire must be connected to the S3 pin. If using a custom throttle channel, such as the X channel, locate the corresponding Sx pin on the flight controller for wiring.
  ※NOTE: The polarity of the ESC signal wire must not be reversed, otherwise the ESC or flight controller may be damaged.
  

2. Handling ESC BEC Power Conflicts

• If the flight controller has built-in BEC power and the ESC also has built-in BEC power, special attention must be paid during wiring:
  When connecting the ESC signal wire to the flight controller, the ESC power line must be disconnected; otherwise, the ESC BEC and flight controller BEC may conflict, resulting in damage to the ESC or flight controller.

3. Correcting Motor Rotation Direction

• If the motor rotation direction is incorrect (motor spins in reverse), no modification to the flight controller or RC settings is required:
  Simply swapping the positions of any two of the motor's three-phase wires will change the motor's rotation direction.

4. Detailed wiring is shown in the figures below

四、Q&A

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